Formation of Calcium Phosphate Minerals in the Presence of Fetuin-A

Mineral formation is regulated by molecular based promoters or inhibitors in biological systems. Among serum proteins, fetuin-A can effectively inhibit unwanted calcification vivo via forming fetuin-mineral complexes called calciprotein particles (CPPs). Here, the and phase transformation mechanisms of CPPs are investigated detail combining situ potentiometric measurements solid characterization. It found that inhibits mineral affecting both thermodynamic kinetic factors precipitation. A better understanding reaction pathway as well interactions between protein counterparts potentially inform development vitro model systems biomineralization pave way for new therapies to treat ectopic calcification.